“2008 Tax law changes”（米国税法の変更点）について [税金]
いつもブログをお読みいただき有り難うございます。
先週は、所用によりブログの更新が出来ずに申し訳ありませんでした。
今回のブログの記事の投稿で、９８件目になります。
今年中に何とか100件目の記事を投稿出来ればと考えています。
さて、今回のブログは、“2008 Tax law changes ”（米国税法の変更点）について書かせていただきます。
■ＡＭＴ■
・AMT exemption amounts expanded to $46,200 ($69,950 MFJ) up from 2007 amounts of $44,350 ($66,250).
・Child and Dependent Care Credit, education credits, home energy credits allowed for both regular tax and AMT.
・The portion of unpaid tax, penalties and interest that was outstanding before Jan. 1, 2008, that is attributable to an ISO exercise is abated.
・Long-term unused minimum tax credit to include previously paid penalties and interest related to ISO exercises.
・Refundable AMT credit modified to the greater of 50% of the long-term unused credit (up from 20%) or the prior year's credit.
■Child Tax Credit■
The income threshold for the Additional Child Tax Credit has been lowered to $8,500 for tax year 2008 only.
■Long-term Capital Gain■
The 5% net long-term capital gain rate drops to 0% for those taxpayers who are in the 10% or 15% tax brackets.
■Real Property Taxes■
Nonitemizers may claim an additional standard deduction for state and local real property taxes paid for tax years 2008 and 2009.
The maximum deduction is $500 ($1,000 MFJ).
■Refundable First-time Homebuyer Credit■
Taxpayers who purchased a principal residence after April 8, 2008, through June 30, 2009, and who have not owned a principal residence in the previous 3 years may claim a refundable credit for 10% of the purchase price.
The maximum credit is $7,500 ($3,750 MFS).
Eligibility for the credit phases out for modified AGI between $75,000–$95,000 ($150,000–$170,000 MFJ).
Note: The credit must be repaid in 15 equal installments starting in 2010.
Repayment is accelerated if the home is sold or no longer used as a principal residence.
■Recovery Rebate Credit■
The rebate that was paid in 2008 will be reconciled on the 2008 tax return.
Taxpayers will receive any additional credit due, but don't need to repay any excess credit received.
■Kiddie Tax■
Kiddie tax now applies to children who are younger than 18, children who are 18 unless they provide more than half of their own support based on earned income, and children who are 19 to 23 and full-time students — unless they provide more than half of their own support based on earned income.
■Depreciation■
The maximum Section 179 deduction for tax years starting in 2008 has been increased to $250,000.
A phaseout of this amount starts when more than $800,000 of qualifying property is placed in service during the tax year.
Additional first-year 50% "bonus" depreciation is the default provision for property placed in service in 2008.
■Wind Energy Property Credit■
The credit is expanded to include small wind energy property which uses a small wind turbine to generate electricity.
The maximum credit is $4,000.
■Section 179 Expense■
The maximum Section 179 deduction for tax years starting in 2008 is $250,000.
A phaseout of this amount starts when more than $800,000 of qualifying property is placed in service during the tax year.
Note: Special rules apply to certain disaster areas.
■Casualty Losses — Federally Declared Disaster Area■
The 10% of AGI reduction does not apply to personal casualty losses that occurred in a federally declared disaster area.
In addition, these losses (net of any casualty gain) may be claimed as an additional standard deduction (no need to itemize). Applies to disasters occurring in 2008 and 2009.
■Midwestern Disaster Area Relief■
Significant relief is available to victims of the 2008 severe storms and flooding that occurred in the Midwest.
Special relief is provided for losses that occurred in the core areas of those disasters.
■EIC — Combat Pay Election■
The election to treat nontaxable combat pay as earned income for EIC purposes was made permanent.
■Sales Tax Deduction■
The deduction for state and local sales taxes instead of state and local income taxes was extended through 2009.
■IRAs — Charitable Contributions■
The exclusion of taxable distributions of up to $100,000 from IRA funds contributed directly to a charity was extended through 2009.
■PMI Deduction■
The deduction for mortgage insurance premiums paid on a qualified residence has been extended through 2009.
■Tuition and Fees Deduction■
The deduction for up to $4,000 of higher education expenses was extended through 2009.
■Nonbusiness Energy Property Credit■
The credit for up to $500 of home improvement costs was NOT extended for 2008.
It was extended for 2009 only. The 2009 credit includes biomass (corn, wood pellet, etc.) heating systems.
■Teacher's Education■
The $250 Educator Expense Deduction was extended through 2009.
※引用（H&R BLOCK Tax Tips) http://www.hrblock.com/taxes/tax_tips/index.html
（2009年1月7日追記）
IRSより“Highlights of 2008 Tax Law Changes”が、IRSのサイトに掲載されました。以下のアドレスをご参照下さいませ。
http://www.irs.gov/newsroom/article/0,,id=202106,00.html
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Written by
Office T.Professional（ｵﾌｨｽ ﾃｨｰ.ﾌﾟﾛﾌｪｯｼｮﾅﾙ）
米国税理士 小野 知史（Tomofumi Ono）
ホームページ http://www.tprofessional.jp
e-mail: info@tprofessional.jp
■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■
先週は、所用によりブログの更新が出来ずに申し訳ありませんでした。
今回のブログの記事の投稿で、９８件目になります。
今年中に何とか100件目の記事を投稿出来ればと考えています。
さて、今回のブログは、“2008 Tax law changes ”（米国税法の変更点）について書かせていただきます。
■ＡＭＴ■
・AMT exemption amounts expanded to $46,200 ($69,950 MFJ) up from 2007 amounts of $44,350 ($66,250).
・Child and Dependent Care Credit, education credits, home energy credits allowed for both regular tax and AMT.
・The portion of unpaid tax, penalties and interest that was outstanding before Jan. 1, 2008, that is attributable to an ISO exercise is abated.
・Long-term unused minimum tax credit to include previously paid penalties and interest related to ISO exercises.
・Refundable AMT credit modified to the greater of 50% of the long-term unused credit (up from 20%) or the prior year's credit.
■Child Tax Credit■
The income threshold for the Additional Child Tax Credit has been lowered to $8,500 for tax year 2008 only.
■Long-term Capital Gain■
The 5% net long-term capital gain rate drops to 0% for those taxpayers who are in the 10% or 15% tax brackets.
■Real Property Taxes■
Nonitemizers may claim an additional standard deduction for state and local real property taxes paid for tax years 2008 and 2009.
The maximum deduction is $500 ($1,000 MFJ).
■Refundable First-time Homebuyer Credit■
Taxpayers who purchased a principal residence after April 8, 2008, through June 30, 2009, and who have not owned a principal residence in the previous 3 years may claim a refundable credit for 10% of the purchase price.
The maximum credit is $7,500 ($3,750 MFS).
Eligibility for the credit phases out for modified AGI between $75,000–$95,000 ($150,000–$170,000 MFJ).
Note: The credit must be repaid in 15 equal installments starting in 2010.
Repayment is accelerated if the home is sold or no longer used as a principal residence.
■Recovery Rebate Credit■
The rebate that was paid in 2008 will be reconciled on the 2008 tax return.
Taxpayers will receive any additional credit due, but don't need to repay any excess credit received.
■Kiddie Tax■
Kiddie tax now applies to children who are younger than 18, children who are 18 unless they provide more than half of their own support based on earned income, and children who are 19 to 23 and full-time students — unless they provide more than half of their own support based on earned income.
■Depreciation■
The maximum Section 179 deduction for tax years starting in 2008 has been increased to $250,000.
A phaseout of this amount starts when more than $800,000 of qualifying property is placed in service during the tax year.
Additional first-year 50% "bonus" depreciation is the default provision for property placed in service in 2008.
■Wind Energy Property Credit■
The credit is expanded to include small wind energy property which uses a small wind turbine to generate electricity.
The maximum credit is $4,000.
■Section 179 Expense■
The maximum Section 179 deduction for tax years starting in 2008 is $250,000.
A phaseout of this amount starts when more than $800,000 of qualifying property is placed in service during the tax year.
Note: Special rules apply to certain disaster areas.
■Casualty Losses — Federally Declared Disaster Area■
The 10% of AGI reduction does not apply to personal casualty losses that occurred in a federally declared disaster area.
In addition, these losses (net of any casualty gain) may be claimed as an additional standard deduction (no need to itemize). Applies to disasters occurring in 2008 and 2009.
■Midwestern Disaster Area Relief■
Significant relief is available to victims of the 2008 severe storms and flooding that occurred in the Midwest.
Special relief is provided for losses that occurred in the core areas of those disasters.
■EIC — Combat Pay Election■
The election to treat nontaxable combat pay as earned income for EIC purposes was made permanent.
■Sales Tax Deduction■
The deduction for state and local sales taxes instead of state and local income taxes was extended through 2009.
■IRAs — Charitable Contributions■
The exclusion of taxable distributions of up to $100,000 from IRA funds contributed directly to a charity was extended through 2009.
■PMI Deduction■
The deduction for mortgage insurance premiums paid on a qualified residence has been extended through 2009.
■Tuition and Fees Deduction■
The deduction for up to $4,000 of higher education expenses was extended through 2009.
■Nonbusiness Energy Property Credit■
The credit for up to $500 of home improvement costs was NOT extended for 2008.
It was extended for 2009 only. The 2009 credit includes biomass (corn, wood pellet, etc.) heating systems.
■Teacher's Education■
The $250 Educator Expense Deduction was extended through 2009.
※引用（H&R BLOCK Tax Tips) http://www.hrblock.com/taxes/tax_tips/index.html
（2009年1月7日追記）
IRSより“Highlights of 2008 Tax Law Changes”が、IRSのサイトに掲載されました。以下のアドレスをご参照下さいませ。
http://www.irs.gov/newsroom/article/0,,id=202106,00.html
■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■
Written by
Office T.Professional（ｵﾌｨｽ ﾃｨｰ.ﾌﾟﾛﾌｪｯｼｮﾅﾙ）
米国税理士 小野 知史（Tomofumi Ono）
ホームページ http://www.tprofessional.jp
e-mail: info@tprofessional.jp
■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■
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